Nicotine, the Central Nervous System and Adrenal Medulla

An Australian Health measure conducted in 2011-2012, concluded that 3.1 billion Australians are smokers. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). This substance that 14% of Australias cosmos are currently smokers compared to more(prenominal) than 40% in the 1980s a dramatic moderate with the smoking rate go along to decline each year. at a time there are some(prenominal) genes that can be considered for this throw out such as the arise in prices or perchance less accessibility plainly another big factor is that its no longer seen in the same trend socially like it was okay in the 1980s. With more and more anti-smoking products being created it decreases the amount of smokers and Im going to go into more depth close that later on in the presentation.\nNicotine is a parasymphatomimetic alkaloid from the nightshade family of plants called the Solanaceae. A parasympathomimetic drug is a drug or poison that acts by stimulating or mimicking the parasympathetic neurona l system. (Dorlands Medical Dictionary, 2013) Nicotine is in addition a nicotinic protagonist. A nicotinic agonist is a drug that mimics the accomplishment of acetylcholine at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NCRs) (Henningfield, 2006). Nicotine is administered orally. The body reacts as soon as Nicotine enters the body. Nicotine affects cardinal different areas of the body: the adrenal medulla and the central nervous system.\nThe adrenal medulla is dissolve of the adrenal gland order in the kidney. It has an impact on the bodys energy, internality rate and metabolism as it secretes hormones, such as epinephrin and dopamine. The kidney absorbs the Nicotine through the bloodstream which so enters the adrenal medulla. The Nicotine then binds with the nicotinic receptors which causes adrenaline to be released into the body; this causes car park symptoms of smoking such as an increase in means rate and blood pressure.\ndopamine is a hormone which is influenced by Nicotine in the body. Dopamine is link up to our addiction,...